With SeptiFast, 186 microorganisms were identified, 12 of which w

With SeptiFast, 186 microorganisms were identified, 12 of which were considered to be contaminants.

Of the 174 clinically relevant microorganisms identified with SeptiFast, 50 (29%) were detected by BC. More than half of the remaining microorganisms SC75741 chemical structure identified with SeptiFast (but not isolated after BC) were also found in routine cultures of other relevant samples taken from the patients. Future clinical studies should assess whether the use of SeptiFast is of significant advantage in the detection of bloodstream pathogens.”
“A novel reactive phosphorusnitrogen-containing monomer, N-(2-(5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinyl-2-ylamino)ethyl)-acrylamide (DPEAA), was synthesize and characterized. Flame retardant poly(methyl methacrylate)/organic-modified montmorillonite (PMMA-DPEAA/OMMT) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization by incorporating methyl methacrylate, DPEAA, and OMMT. The results from X-ray diffraction and transmission

electron microscopy (TEM) showed that exfoliated PMMA-DPEAA/OMMT nanocomposites were formed. Thermal stability and flammability properties ACP-196 price were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, cone calorimeter, and limiting oxygen index (LOI) tests. The synergistic effect of DPEAA and montmorillonite improved thermal stability and reduced significantly the flammability [including peak heat release rates (PHRR), total heat release, average mass loss rate, etc.]. The PHRR of PMMA-DPEAA/OMMT was reduced by about 40% compared with pure PMMA. The LOI value of PMMA-DPEAA/OMMT reached 27.3%. The morphology and composition of residues generated after cone calorimeter tests were investigated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), TEM, and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The SEM and TEM images showed that a compact, dense, and uniform intumescent char was formed for PMMA-DPEAA/OMMT nanocomposites after combustion. The results of EDX confirmed that

the carbon content of the char for PMMA-DPEAA/OMMT nanocomposites increased obviously by the synergistic effect of DPEAA and montmorillonite. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011″
“Imatinib mesylate is a tyrosine kinase check details inhibitor which targets Bcr-Abl-protein, c-Kit, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor. The drug was originally developed for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia but is also regarded as first-line treatment of patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST). Dermatologic side effects are common, with superficial edema and rash as the most frequent. In addition, imatinib mesylate treatment is often associated with hypopigmentation. Intraoral side effects are very rare. The present paper demonstrates 1 patient with GIST and 2 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with imatinib mesylate for 5-6 years. All 3 patients presented with diffuse solitary bluish-brown pigmentations in the hard palate. The lesions persisted at follow-ups. There were no other pigmentations in the oral mucosa.

The results obtained indicated that growth and sporulation of T

The results obtained indicated that growth and sporulation of T. viride were greatly influenced by various carbon and nitrogen sources, and by environmental factors such as pH and temperature. Mannitol, wheat bran and rice bran as sole carbon sources appear to stimulate high mycelial growth and spore yield in fed-batch culture. Growth and sporulation were also favoured by NaNO3, peptone and NH4SO4 as the nitrogen sources in fed-batch

and batch cultures(.) Maximum growth and sporulation was between pH 4.5 and 6.0. Temperatures CA3 cell line between 30 and 37 A degrees C were good for mycelium growth of T. viride while temperatures between 30 to 45 A degrees C were good for sporulation. The amount of spore and mycelium produced and the time required for attainment of maximum spore yield increased

with increasing carbon and nitrogen source in batch culture. The final spore yield obtained in fed-batch culture was two times higher than the apparent spore-carrying capacity of batch culture. These results show that T. viride is capable of growing and sporulating with varied nutritional and environmental conditions, and, therefore, this strain of T. viride may be useful as a biocontrol agent under diverse physiological and environmental conditions.”
“Background: It has been reported that female gender may be an independent risk factor for poor outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The goal of this study was to investigate gender differences in outcome after TBI.

Methods: Between February 2002 and April 2010,

17 Austrian SC75741 inhibitor centers prospectively enrolled 863 patients with moderate and severe TBI into observational studies. Data on crash, treatment, and AS1842856 molecular weight outcomes were collected. Data sets from patients who had isolated TBI were selected. Six-month outcomes were classified as “”favorable”" if Glasgow Outcome Scale scores were 5 or 4 and were classified as “”unfavorable”" if Glasgow Outcome Scale scores were 3 or less. The Rotterdam score was used to classify computed tomography (CT) findings. Univariate statistics (Fisher’s exact test, t test, chi(2) test) and logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with hospital mortality and favorable outcome.

Results: There were 134 female and 305 male patients. Hospital mortality was 39.6% for females and 32.5% for males (p = 0.16). Rates of unfavorable outcome were 58.7% for females and 53.4% for males (p = 0.09). There were no significant mortality differences between females and males for factors such as age groups, trauma mechanisms, Glasgow Coma Scale scores, lesions on the CT scan, or treatment factors. Logistic regression revealed that gender had no significant influence on mortality of unfavorable outcome. The differences in outcome were due to the higher mean age of females (61.4 vs. 50.4, p < 0.001) and possibly because of small differences in Glasgow Coma Scale scores and in CT scores.


“Reactive cement-in-polymer dispersions have been prepared


“Reactive cement-in-polymer dispersions have been prepared from poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate), and poly(vinyl acetate) and a non-hydrated, fine-grained cement, and used to coat multifilament glass-rovings. The influence of the molecular properties of the polymer, such as the chemical composition and molecular weight CH5183284 solubility dmso as well as the cement content in the dispersion, on the reinforcing performance of the coated rovings in concrete has been studied using scanning electron microscopy and tensile tests. All coated rovings significantly surpass the uncoated glass in terms of mechanical behavior.

The best bonding was obtained with hydrophobic, PVAc-based coatings, since the slow hydrolysis and swelling of this polymer controls cement hydration and

the formation of the interphase. The mechanical behavior of the coated rovings is barely influenced by the molecular weight of the polymer, but decreases with decreasing cement content. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 116: 3303-3309, 2010″
“In ceramics of KTaO3. doped with 3 at. % of Mn the dielectric response is dominated by the polydispersive behavior of Mn2+ centered polar learn more regions, whereas the magnetic and magnetoelectric (ME) behaviors reflect an intimate coupling between A-site substituted Mn2+ ions and minute amounts of Mn3O4 precipitates mediated by the polar host material. This becomes apparent by the common onset at T-c approximate to 42 K of the ordering of ferrimagnetic Mn3O4 and of a spin cluster glass, which is characterized by memory and rejuvenation effects. The composite magnetic system exposed to external magnetic and electric dc fields shows large third order ME susceptibility with a sharp PI3K activation anomaly at T-c and 1/T-2 dependence as T -> 0. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3430990]“
“ObjectiveA patient-centred approach to discussing life expectancy with cancer patients is recommended in Western countries. However, this approach to eliciting and

meeting patient preferences can be challenging for clinicians. The aims of this study were the following: (i) to examine cancer patients’ preferences for life expectancy disclosure; and (ii) to explore agreement between cancer patients’ preferences for, and perceived experiences of, life expectancy disclosure.

MethodsCancer patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment in metropolitan Australia completed a cross-sectional touchscreen computer survey including optional questions about their life expectancy disclosure preferences and experiences.

ResultsOf the 208 respondents, 178 (86%) indicated that they would prefer their clinician to ask them before discussing life expectancy, and 30 (14%) indicated that they would prefer others (i.e. clinicians, family) to decide whether they were given life expectancy information.

(C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved “
“The surface mo

(C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The surface morphology and electrical conductance of C-60-precoated Si(111)root 3-Au and Si(111)root 3-Ag surfaces have been monitored in the course of Au and Ag depositions. In both cases, the deposited metal atoms penetrate through the fullerene layers. However, the similarity in the growth mode does not result in similar dependencies of conductance versus deposited metal dose. Deposition of Au

onto the C60-precoated Si(111)root 3-Au surface leads to a monotonic gradual increase in conductance starting from similar to 0.4 ML Au coverage. Deposition of Ag onto the C-60-precoated Si(111)root 3-Ag surface results buy AMN-107 in a nonmonotone peak-like dependence buy Pevonedistat with a maximum at similar to 0.5 ML of Ag. Both dependencies can be explained in terms of the acceptor-type behavior of the fullerenes, which trap the electrons donated by Au or Ag atoms. The difference between the two dependencies is a consequence of the difference in conduction mechanisms at the original surfaces, namely, the main conductance channel in Si(111)root 3-Au is the space-charge layer, while in

Si(111)root 3-Ag it is the surface state band. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3658019]“
“Infertile men have higher levels of semen reactive oxygen species (ROS) than do fertile men. High levels NVP-HSP990 of semen ROS can cause sperm dysfunction, sperm DNA damage and reduced male reproductive potential. This observation has led clinicians to treat infertile men with antioxidant supplements. The purpose of this article is to discuss the rationale for antioxidant therapy in infertile men and to evaluate the data on the efficacy of dietary and in vitro antioxidant preparations

on sperm function and DNA damage. To date, most clinical studies suggest that dietary antioxidant supplements are beneficial in terms of improving sperm function and DNA integrity. However, the exact mechanism of action of dietary antioxidants and the optimal dietary supplement have not been established. Moreover, most of the clinical studies are small and few have evaluated pregnancy rates. A beneficial effect of in vitro antioxidant supplements in protecting spermatozoa from exogenous oxidants has been demonstrated in most studies; however, the effect of these antioxidants in protecting sperm from endogenous ROS, gentle sperm processing and cryopreservation has not been established conclusively. Asian Journal of Andrology (2011) 13, 374-381; doi:10.1038/aja.2010.182; published online 25 April 2011″
“Rett syndrome is characterized by loss of motor and social functions, development of stereotypic hand movements, seizures, and breathing disturbances. This study evaluates the presence of overnight respiratory disturbances.

We present a case in which rapid FISH screening

We present a case in which rapid FISH screening mTOR inhibitor with different commercial probes for the DSCR yielded

conflicting results. Chromosome analysis revealed a deletion of one chromosome 21 in q22 which explained the findings. Prenatally an additional small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) was discovered as well, which could not be characterised. Postnatal chromosome analysis in lymphocytes of the infant revealed complex mosaicism with four cell lines. By arrayCGH the sSMC was provisionally described as derivative chromosome 21 which was confirmed by targeted FISH experiments.”
“This paper aims to review controversies in the management of minimally invasive follicular thyroid carcinoma (MIFTC) and to reach an evidence-based consensus.

MEDLINE search of the literature was conducted using keywords related to MIFTC. The search term was identified in the title, abstract, or medical subject heading. Available literature meeting the inclusion criteria were assigned the appropriate levels of evidence and recommendations in accordance with accepted international standards. Results NCT-501 research buy were discussed at the

2013 Workshop of the European Society of Endocrine Surgeons devoted to MIFTC.

Published papers on MIFTC present inadequate power with a III-IV level of evidence and C grade of recommendation. Several issues demanded a comparison of published studies from different medical reports regarding MIFTC definition, specimen STI571 processing, characteristics, diagnosis, prognoses, and therapy. As a consequence, it is difficult to make valuable statements on MIFTC with a sufficient recommendation rating. MIFTC diagnosis requires clearer, unequivocal, and reproducible criteria for pathologist, surgeons, and endocrinologists to use in the management of these patients. If the distinction between MIFTC and WIFTC cannot be made, an expert in thyroid pathologist should be consulted.

According to published papers,

the following conclusions can be drawn. (a) Candidates for hemithyroidectomy are MIFTC with exclusive capsular invasion, patients < 45 years old at presentation, tumor size < 40 mm, without vascular invasion, and without any node or distant metastases. (b) Candidates for total thyroidectomy are MIFTC in patients a parts per thousand yen45 years at presentation, tumor size a parts per thousand yen40 mm, vascular invasion present, positive nodes, and positive distant metastases. (c) In the absence of clinical evidence for lymph node metastasis, patients with MIFTC do not require prophylactic lymph node dissection. (d) Radio iodine ablation is indicated in elderly patients (> 45 years), large tumor size (> 40 mm), extensive vascular invasion, presence of distant synchronous or metachronous metastasis, positive nodes, and if recurrence is noted at follow-up.”
“Background.

) that is subject to high gene flow from a lake and is thus malad

) that is subject to high gene flow from a lake and is thus maladapted to stream conditions. In this system, maladaptation increases with distance along the stream, and this increase is associated with decreasing population densities until stickleback are no longer present (2.5 km from the lake). We conducted field experiments to inform whether this association might reflect a negative role for gene flow in constraining population size and therefore causing a local range limit. We specifically tested predictions deriving from theory: peripheral populations should show partial local selleck adaptation, be under strong selection and not simply be maintained by dispersal. First,

a transplant experiment suggested a weak home-site advantage in the peripheral 3-Methyladenine clinical trial population. Second, a mark-recapture study showed directional selection for a stream-adapted phenotype in 1 of 2 years. Third, another mark-recapture experiment showed that dispersal is limited to the point that positive demographic effects of dispersal are probably minimal. We conclude that, although gene flow does constrain

morphological maladaptation in the outlet stream population, the evidence for its contribution to population size and range limits is mixed. We discuss the implications of our work for the study of factors influencing the evolution of species’ ranges.”
“BACKGROUND: Coronary allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is the major limiting factor for long term survival after heart transplantation. The aim of this study was to identify gene candidates implicated in human CAV using a rat aortic allograft model in tandem with microarrays and quantitative real time PCR (Q-PCR).

METHODS: Rat abdominal aortas were isografted (5) or allografted (5) from Brown-Norway to Lewis rats

and grafts were harvested after day 8, 25 and 60. Agilent microarrays were then used to highlight differentially expressed genes between Defactinib isografted and allografted rat aortas. Further investigation of a selected candidate gene was performed on human coronary arteries.

RESULTS: 1829, 2582 and 1925 genes (fold changes >2 or <2 and p values <0.05) were differentially expressed at day 8, 25 and 60 respectively between isografs and allografts. Seventeen candidate genes were selected according to significant differential expression at day 60. These rat candidate genes were then validated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). One of these candidate genes, T-Cadherin (T-Cad) was further investigated, using immunohistochemistry (IHC), in human coronary arteries showing CAV compared to classical atherosclerosis present in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and normal coronary arteries present in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Results showed an over expression of T-Cad in CAV and classical atherosclerosis compared to normal coronary arteries.

CONCLUSIONS: T-Cad was found to be over expressed in CAV.

Age and sex were collected for all birds of the Amazona, Ara, Cac

Age and sex were collected for all birds of the Amazona, Ara, Cacatua, Nymphicus, and Psittacus genera. Databases were learn more searched for atherosclerosis cases, and slides were reviewed for the presence of type IV through VI atherosclerotic lesions. Results were used to build several multiple logistic models to define the association between advanced atherosclerosis and age, sex, genus, illness type, and specific lesions. Prevalence

was reported as a function of age, sex, and genus.

Results-In the first model including 7,683 birds, age, female sex, and the genera Psittacus, Amazona, and Nymphicus were significantly associated with clinically relevant atherosclerosis detected via necropsy. Subsequent models of 1,050 cases revealed further associations with reproductive disease, hepatic disease, and myocardial fibrosis, controlling for age, sex,

and genus.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Age, female sex, and 3 genera appeared to be positively associated with the presence of advanced atherosclerotic Sapitinib cost lesions in psittacine birds. This information may be useful in clinical assessment of the cardiovascular system and patient management. Reproductive diseases were the only potentially modifiable risk factor identified and could be a target for prevention in captive psittacine birds.”
“Using the large-scale atomic/molecular massively parallel simulator, chemical short-range order of the Cu-Zr binary system over the three

good glass-forming compositional ranges has been investigated. Based on a statistical analysis, a simple route has been developed for broad investigations of the basic polyhedral clusters, optimum glass formers, as well as the composition-structure-property (glass-forming ability) correlation. In addition, topological short-range orders of the basic polyhedral clusters in the three compositional ranges were characterized. Our findings have implications for understanding the nature, forming ability, and properties of metallic glasses.”
“With increasing age, there are greater numbers of older people who will be diagnosed with cancer. It must be remembered that such individuals have increased frailty and have a number of geriatric syndromes and conditions particularly pertinent to older age, including incontinence, poor check details cognition and impaired nutrition. It is often difficult to define the effects of cancer and its treatment or complications, and separate these from the effects of normal ageing and geriatric syndromes. The documentation of poor nutrition and its management must combine knowledge from both geriatric medicine and oncology. Nutrition serves to identify key healthcare professionals who are all essential in any patient at risk or suffering from malnutrition. Incontinence must be actively sought, its cause identified and efforts made to either ‘cure’ it or, in certain circumstances, ‘manage’ it.

Here, we report that treatment with the cancer drug decitabine re

Here, we report that treatment with the cancer drug decitabine results in generalized DNA demethylation in skin keratinocytes, and by 48 h after treatment, 96% of keratinocytes show expression of the endogenous Oct4 protein and the OCT4 repressor mir-145. This is true for keratinocytes only, as skin fibroblasts treated similarly show no OCT4 or mir-145 expression. Decitabine-treated keratinocytes also show increased mir-302c and proliferation similar to other Oct4+ cells. Treatment with

doxorubicin, another cancer drug, induces expression of mir-145 only in cells that already express OCT4, suggesting that Oct4 regulates its own repressor. Co-treatment with decitabine and doxorubicin results first in increased OCT4 and mir-145, then a decrease in both, suggesting

that OCT4 and mir-145 regulate Selleckchem AR-13324 each other. The novel strategy presented here provides a regulatable system to produce Oct4+ cells for transformation find more studies and provides a unique method to study the effects of endogenous Oct4 in cancer cells and the surrounding somatic cells.”
“The treatment of muscle injuries is a common practice at rehabilitation centers. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has demonstrated positive effects regarding the modulation of the inflammatory response, the enhancement of the tissue repair process and the prevention of fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of LLLT on morphological aspects of muscle tissue, collagen remodeling and activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) in rat skeletal muscle following acute injury. Wistar rats were divided into five groups: (1) control group (n = 10), (2) sham group (n = 10), (3)

LLLT group (n = 30), (4) non-treated injury group (n = 30) and (5) injury + LLLT group (n = 30). Cryoinjury ITF2357 datasheet was performed on the belly of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. LLLT was performed daily with an AlGaAs laser (780 nm; beam spot of 0.04 cm(2), output power of 40 mW, power density of 1 W/cm(2), energy density of 10 J/cm(2) and 10-s exposure time). Animals were euthanized at 1, 3 and 7 days. The TA muscles were removed and weighed. Morphological aspects were evaluated using H & E staining. The amount and distribution of collagen fibers were evaluated by picrosirius staining. Characterization and activity of MMP-2 were evaluated by zymography and Western blot techniques, respectively. The results revealed that LLLT induced a reduction in inflammatory infiltrate and myonecrosis after 1 day, an increase in the number of blood vessels after 3 and 7 days as well as an increase in the number of immature muscle fibers and MMP-2 gelatinase activity after 7 days. In conclusion, LLLT has a positive effect on the inflammatory process, MMP2 activity and collagen organization and distribution in the repair process of rat skeletal muscle.

Lipase-catalysed transesterification of rapeseed oil with ethanol

Lipase-catalysed transesterification of rapeseed oil with ethanol to the corresponding ethyl ester was investigated to prove the activity of immobilized enzyme and thus, the concept. The activity was found to be similar to that of free enzyme.

CONCLUSION: Smart hydrogel composites were used for the transesterification of oil. Based on the results obtained, reversible loadable and mechanical stable hydrogel composites could

be developed for continuous working reactor concepts. (C) 2010 Society of Chemical Industry”
“Spinal tuberculosis (TB) accounts for GSK’872 price approximately half of all cases of musculoskeletal tuberculosis. Kyphosis is the rule in spinal tuberculosis and has potential detrimental effects on both the spinal cord and pulmonary function. Late-onset paraplegia is best avoided with the surgical correction of severe kyphosis, where at the same time anterior decompression of the cord is performed and the remnants of the tuberculosis-destroyed vertebral bodies are excised.

Review of the literature on late selleck products surgical treatment of TB-associated kyphosis; description and comparative analysis of the different surgical techniques.

Kyphosis can be corrected either at the acute stage or at the healed late stage of tuberculous infection. In the late stage, the stiffness of the spine and chronic lung disease are additional considerations for the surgical approach and technique. Contrary to the traditional

anterior transpleural approach used in the acute spinal tuberculosis infection, extrapleural approaches, either antero-lateral or direct posterior, are favored in late treatment.

The correction of deformity is only feasible with three-column osteotomies, and posterior vertebral column resection (PVCR) is the treatment of choice in extreme kyphosis. The prognosis of the neurologic deficit (late paraplegia) is dependent on the extent of gliosis of the spinal cord.”
“The

aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and clinical associations of HLA-DR alleles in Brazilian Caucasian patients with polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) or microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). We evaluated 29 Caucasian patients with vasculitis classified RG-7112 concentration as PAN or MPA according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1990 Criteria, Chapel Hill Consensus Conference (CHCC) nomenclature for vasculitis and EULAR recommendations for conducting clinical studies in systemic vasculitis. HLA-DR alleles were typed using polymerase chain reaction-amplified DNA, hybridized with sequence-specific low resolution primers. DNA obtained from 59 Caucasian healthy blood donors were used as control. In order to evaluate if a specific HLA may have influence on the clinical profile of those diseases, we also divided the patients according to Birmingham vasculitis score (BVAS) and Five-Factors Score (FFS) at the time of diagnosis. Increased frequency of HLA-DRB1*16 (p = 0.023) and DRB4*01 (p = 0.048) was found in patients with higher disease activity at the time of diagnosis (BVAS >= 22).

As a result,

we found that the I-4(11/2) -> I-4(13/2)

As a result,

we found that the I-4(11/2) -> I-4(13/2) laser emission (or small signal gain) shows a temporal profile intensity, which passes through a maximum at around 820 mu s before getting the steady state regime. It was demonstrated that the ETU2 process (from the I-4(11/2) level) is the mechanism responsible for the laser gain profile observed. The results of the numerical simulation of the rate equation system showed that the highest population inversion density of 8.5 x 10(19) cm(-3) AR-13324 in vitro for Er3+ (or a small signal gain of 2.54 cm(-1)) is obtained for 15 mol % of erbium in the YLF crystal when it is pumped by a cw laser at 972 nm using a pump intensity of 5.4 kW cm(-2) (or a pumping rate of 300 s(-1)) for the laser transition near 2.75 mu m. It was seen also that a pumping rate of 300 s(-1) maximizes the population inversion in the cw pump regime. A simulation using a square this website wave pump with a pumping time of I ms showed a population inversion increasing by a factor of 1.31 with respect to the population inversion obtained in the continuous pump simulation. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3259388]“
“Ischemic stroke

is a very rare and multifactorial disease in children. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T polymorphism and stroke

in Polish children and to observe whether there is any significant transmission of MTHFR alleles from ITF2357 heterozygous parents to their affected offspring. We analyzed 64 patients with stroke, 122 parents, and 59 healthy children. The MTHFR polymorphism was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The T allele was more frequent in the stroke group (38%) than in controls (25%, P = .029, odds ratio = 1.84). We also found higher frequency of T allele in male patients compared to male controls (46% vs. 25%, P = .009, odds ratio = 2.53). The number of T allele carriers was again more prevalent in boys with stroke (71%) than in healthy boys (45%, P = .023, odds ratio = 3.09). The T allele was significantly transmitted in male patients (P < .019). We conclude that the MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism may be considered as a genetic risk factor of childhood stroke., especially in boys.”
“We derive the principal contributions to energy flux and entropy flux in a thermoelectric material using a force-flux description. Using the reduced current u=-J/kappa del T of the coupled thermal and electrical flows, we introduce the so-called thermoelectric potential T alpha+1/u. We show that this approach gives a simple description of the thermodynamics of the thermoelectric process, including the heat and entropy production terms.