Associations were assessed using propensity score methods.
Results: Included were 8316 patients with complete data, of whom 214 (2.6%) had hypothermia induced and 2521 (30%) survived to discharge. Of patients reported to receive hypothermia, only 40% were documented as achieving
a temperature between 32 degrees C selleck inhibitor and 34 degrees C. Adjusted for known potential confounders using propensity score methods, induced hypothermia was associated with an odds ratio of survival of 0.90 (95% confidence interval: 0.65, 1.23; p-value = 0.49) compared to no hypothermia. Induced hypothermia was associated with an odds ratio of neurologically-favorable survival of 0.93 (95% confidence interval: 0.65, 1.32; p-value = 0.68) compared to no hypothermia. For patients with shockable first-recorded rhythm, induced hypothermia was associated with an odds ratio of survival of 1.43 (95% confidence interval: 0.68, 3.01; p-value = 0.35) compared to no hypothermia.
Conclusion: Hypothermia is induced infrequently in patients resuscitated from in-hospital cardiac arrest with
only 40% achieving target temperatures. Induced hypothermia was not associated with improved or worsened survival or neurologically-favorable survival. The lack of benefit in this population may reflect lack of effect, inefficient application of the intervention, or residual confounding. High-quality buy Napabucasin controlled studies are required to better characterize the effect of induced hypothermia in this population.
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“OBJECTIVES: To estimate, from the literature, when nonlactating postpartum women regain fertility.
DATA selleck kinase inhibitor SOURCES: We searched PubMed and Cochrane Library databases for all articles (in all languages) published in peer-reviewed journals from database inception through May 2010 for evidence related to the return of ovulation and menses in nonlactating postpartum women. Search terms included “”Fertility”" (Mesh) OR “”Ovulation”" (Mesh) OR “”Ovulation Detection”" (Mesh) OR “”Ovulation Prediction”" (Mesh) OR fertility OR ovulat* AND “”Postpartum Period”" (Mesh) OR postpartum OR puerperium AND Human AND Female.
METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: We included articles assessing nonlactating women’s first ovulation postpartum. Studies in which women breastfed for any period of time or in whom lactation was suppressed with medications were excluded.
TABULATION, INTEGRATION AND RESULTS: We identified 1,623 articles; six articles reported four studies met our inclusion criteria. In three studies utilizing urinary pregnanediol levels to measure ovulation, mean day of first ovulation ranged from 45 to 94 days postpartum; 20%-71% of first menses were preceded by ovulation and 0%-60% of these ovulations were potentially fertile.