Kidney International (2010) 78, 646-649; doi:10.1038/ki.2010.233; published online 14 July 2010″
“Patients with proteinuric kidney diseases often have symptoms of salt and water retention. It has been hypothesized that dysregulated sodium absorption is due to increased proteolytic cleavage of epithelial sodium channels (ENaCs) and increased Na, K-ATPase expression. Microarray analysis identified a reduction in kidney corin mRNA expression in rat models of puromycin aminonucleoside-induced

nephrotic syndrome and acute anti-Thy1 glomerulonephritis (GN). As atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) resistance is a mechanism accounting for volume retention, we analyzed the JSH-23 chemical structure renal expression and function of corin; a type II transmembrane serine protease that converts pro-ANP to active ANP. Immunohistochemical analysis found that corin colocalized with ANP. The nephrotic and glomerulonephritic models exhibited concomitant increased pro-ANP and decreased ANP protein levels in the kidney consistent with low amounts of corin. Importantly, kidneys from corin knockout mice had increased amounts of renal beta-ENaC and its activators, phosphodiesterase (PDE) 5 and protein kinase G II, when compared to wild-type mice. A similar expression profile was also found

in cell culture suggesting the increase in PDE5 and kinase G II could account for the increase in beta-ENaC seen YM155 nmr in nephrotic syndrome and GN. Thus, we suggest that corin might be involved in the salt retention seen in glomerular diseases.

Kidney International (2010) 78, 650-659; doi:10.1038/ki.2010.197; published online 7 July 2010″
“BACKGROUND: Fronto-orbital advancement is a procedure commonly performed in craniofacial centers for coronal and metopic suture synostosis. Several variations of the technique have been reported.

OBJECTIVE: To describe our modifications to the anterior cranioplasty procedure and the results of our surgical series.

METHODS: Using our craniofacial database, we retrospectively analyzed the records of all patients undergoing fronto-orbital advancement for craniosynostosis. The same team of neurosurgeons and plastic surgeons performed all procedures. Demographic data, operative time, blood loss, length of stay, and clinical outcome were analyzed.

RESULTS: Of 248 patients treated for craniosynostosis, a total of 70 patients underwent fronto-orbital advancement. Nineteen presented with metopic, Ivacaftor solubility dmso 26 with unilateral coronal, 17 with bilateral coronal, and 8 with multiple synostosis. Median age at surgery was 6.5 months. Mean operative time was 210 minutes; mean blood loss was 167 mL; and length of stay was 4.5 days. A positive correlation was found between operative time and blood loss (r = 0.1, P < .01) and age at surgery and blood loss (r = 0.3, P < .0001). There was a minor morbidity rate of 2.9%. A good reconstruction was obtained in all patients using our en bloc fronto-orbital advancement without any midline osteotomies at a mean follow-up of 15 months.