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“Background Most solar cells are fabricated using Si-based materials [1]; however, in recent years, new materials from have been discovered to replace Si for applications in solar cells. A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) [2–4] is one of the alternatives as it is low cost and lightweight and can be fabricated on flexible substrates to improve portability. DSSC also shows high energy conversion efficiency by using nanoparticle (NP) thin film as photoanode. The film has a nonporous structure, which has an extremely large specific surface area that enhances dye adsorption as well as light harvesting. Titania (TiO2) nanoparticle is stable and nontoxic and has relatively high transmittance in the visible spectrum, thus becomes a promising nanoparticle material for applications in DSSCs. The band gap of rutile- and anatase-phase TiO2 is 3.0 and 3.2 eV, respectively.