How ever, it was later reported in Kyse 410 cells. There are conflicting reports about whether this mutated p53 protein forms tetramers, binds DNA, induces apoptosis and transactivates target genes or not. It seems that p53 with this mutation is partially functional depending on the experimental either conditions. In our case, this mutated p53 protein was clearly detectable in immuno blot analysis and displayed a strong nuclear staining in most, but not all Kyse 410 cells by indirect immunofluorescence. OE33 cells had a point mutation in exon 5, which is consistent with previous reports. This mutation abolishes the p53 transacti vation activity as well as growth suppressive activity of the mutated protein and has a dominant negative effect on wild type p53.

Accordingly, this mutated p53 protein was still expressed and accumulated in OE33 cell nuclei, although in some cells to a weaker extent. OE19 cells exhibited a mutation in exon 9, which is in accordance with mutation databases. This mutation is within the flexible linker, which connects the p53 core domain with the tetramerization domain, causes a stop codon within the tetramerization domain and most likely inac tivates p53 oligomerization. However, the latter is insufficient to fully abolish p53 tumor suppres sive function and p53 monomer mutants with retention of transcriptional activity have been described. In OE19 cells, this potentially still functional mutated p53 protein was strongly expressed as truncated protein at 40 kDa in immunoblot analysis and clearly accumulated in OE19 cell nuclei.

Thus, loss of function p53 mutations may result in escape of post mitotic G1 cell cycle control and possibly also centrosomal dysfunction in some, but not all esophageal cancer cells. Discussion This study addressed Aurora kinases A and B, p53 mutations and occurrence of multipolar mitoses in aneuploid esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and Barretts adenocarcinoma cell lines. Amplification of 20q13 and or Aurora A has been reported to occur frequently in human esophageal carci nomas by extract based methods, such as comparative genomic hybridization. The present study confirms the importance of this chromo somal region in ESCC and BAC, but our precise single cell FISH analyses of each two ESCC and BAC cell lines suggests that high level Dacomitinib Aurora A gene amplification is a rather rare event in esophageal cancer cells.

A clear cut Aurora A gene amplification was only seen in Kyse 410 cells, as described before, whilst all other investi gated cell lines had increased Aurora A gene copy num bers due to chromosome 20 polysomy. Moreover, elevated Aurora A gene copy numbers may not necessa rily result in elevated Aurora A mRNA and or protein expression, as exemplified till by our results of OE21 and OE19 cells. Also, Aurora A gene copy numbers are far from a direct link to activated Aurora A protein levels.