In the era of directly acting antivirals the study thus highlights that targeting viral proteins may have beneficial effects

beyond mere restriction of virus propagation. “
“To demonstrate the usefulness of the computed tomography (CT) fusion imaging for the evaluation of treatment effect of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Eighty-five patients with 94 HCC with complete ablation judged on conventional side-by-side CH5424802 supplier interpretation of pre-RFA and post-RFA CT at the time of RFA were included in this retrospective study. CT data was retrospectively used to create fusion images of pre-RFA and post-RFA CT using automatic rigid registration and manual correction referring to intrahepatic structures and hepatic contours around a tumor. Clinical factors including

a minimal ablative margin (MAM) measured on fusion images were examined to prove risk factors for local tumor progression (LTP). LTP was observed in 13 (13.8%) tumors with a median follow up of 21.0 months (range, 2–75). The mean MAM on the fusion image was 1.4 ± 3.1 mm and 23 tumors (24.5%) were judged to be protruding from the ablation zone. Multivariate analysis revealed that protruding from the ablation zone was the only significant factor for LTP (hazard ratio, 7.09; 95% confidential interval, 2.26–22.3; P < 0.001). Some HCC were assessed as incomplete ablation on the CT fusion images, although considered completely ablated on side-by-side images at the time of treatment, and incomplete ablation was revealed to be the only independent risk factor Doxorubicin mouse for LTP. The CT fusion imaging enables quantitative and accurate evaluation of treatment effect of RFA. “
“We read with great interest the study by Kumar et al.,1 who reported antituberculosis therapy (ATT) as the only cause of drug-induced acute liver failure (ALF) in northern India, in contrast to antimicrobials, anticonvulsants, and paracetamol in the West2-6 and in southern India.7 Our experience with drug-induced liver injury (DILI), including injury due to ATT, from 1997 to 2008 at the Department of Gastroenterology of St. John’s

Medical College Hospital (Bangalore, India) offers something in support 上海皓元医药股份有限公司 of their findings and something at odds.7 Table 1 outlines the clinical and biochemical characteristics of all patients with DILI due to ATT. Kumar et al.1 found a mortality rate of 67% among 70 patients (mean age = 32 years) with ATT-caused ALF; most (63%) were treated empirically for tuberculosis. In support of their findings, we observed that our patients were young (mean age = 40 years) and that the mortality rate was 67% among 49 patients with ALF due to ATT and 42% among patients who were inappropriately treated for tuberculosis. Our model, using a combination of the bilirubin level [odds ratio (OR) = 1.17, confidence interval (CI) = 1.06-1.35], prothrombin time (OR = 1.13, CI = 1.06-1.24), and creatinine level (OR = 9.77, CI = 2.58-57.63), yielded a concordance of 97% for mortality.