Recently, induced pluripotent stem cells, which can serve as a source of cells for autologous transplantation, have been attracting a great deal of attention as a clinically viable alternative to stem cells obtained directly from tissues. In this review, we outline the neural induction of mouse embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, their therapeutic efficacy in spinal cord injury, and their safety in vivo.”
“Aiming to deeply understand the electrocatalytic Selleckchem CT99021 mechanism of silver on reduction of benzyl chloride, we carried out an in situ electrochemical surface-enhanced

Raman spectroscopic study to characterize various surface species in different electrode potential regions. A further analysis with DFT calculation reveals that the benzyl radical and its anionic derivate bonded on a silver electrode are the key intermediates, implying that the pathway could drastically differ from the outer sphere concerted electron reduction at inert electrodes.”
“The modeling of thermal decomposition process of ten natural fibers commonly used in polymer composite industry was performed by assuming a global model occurring within

the entire degradation range with consideration of fiber as one pseudocomponent. selleck chemicals Malek method with activation energy values previously obtained was applied to the modeling process. Careful calculation and evaluation indicated that, within an acceptable error limit of 5%, RO(n > 1) model can be used to describe the degradation process of most selected fibers well. The other kinetic parameters used include activation energy range of 160-170 kJ/mol; parameter n in RO(n > 1) = (1 – alpha)” of 3-4; and In A between 35 and 42 In s(-1). Some condition limitations of the obtained model were also discussed. The model has practical significance in predicting fiber weight loss when the fiber is used in combination with engineering thermoplastics. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 114: 834-842, 2009″
“As the mining depth increases, the rock burst is getting more and more hazardous. How

to make early warning for rock burst validly is, an urgent work. In this article, rock burst and AE portern towed by three types of strata-activation: brittle-thick-hard roof flexible-thick-hard roof and fault activation, this website were investigated. (a) For the case of brittle-thick-hard roof the interval from fracturing to weighting is short, the released energy monitored by AE is synchronous. It is difficult to make some: early warning for severe rock burst induced by sudden roof woofing, by using AE monitoring technique, (b), for the case of flexible, thick-hard roof, the roof weighting appears periodically, which can be taken as an indicator of medium and long-term early warning for rock burst; the AE events of low energy within silent-time can be used to make short-term early warning for rock burst, (c) For the case of fault, when coal face advances to the vicinity of fault, the fault begins.