The number of counts in the three adjacent bins (percentage number of stimuli) was used to evaluate the test peak size. The level of SICI was estimated using the difference between the conditioned

and test peak (percentage number of stimuli). For each motor unit, χ2 tests were performed at each TMS intensity investigated, to determine if the three consecutive bins in the test peak were significantly different from the equivalent three bins in the control PSTH, and to compare the distribution in the test (test TMS alone) and conditioned peaks (paired pulse). Because the size of the test peak (Protocol 1) and Venetoclax order the TMS intensity (Protocol 2) were the parameters retained to characterize the test pulse in each protocol, their influence on SICI was tested using one-way anova, taking into account the test peak size for the grouped data in Protocol 1, and the TMS intensity for those in Protocol 2. If a significant P value was obtained, post-hoc Fisher LSD tests were performed for comparisons of two means. The relationships between TMS intensity and test peak size (Protocol 1), and between test peak size and SICI were tested using Pearson’s correlation with repeated measures (Poon’s treatment to take into account the within- and between-subjects variances; Poon, 1988). To determine if the

level of SICI was significantly different from 0, one-sample t-tests were performed for each category p38 MAPK inhibitor of test peak size (Protocol 1), and for each test pulse intensity (Protocol 2). Tests were performed using StatEL software (http://www.adscience.eu), and the significance level was 0.05. Mean data are given ± 1 standard error of the mean (SEM). In Protocol 1, the TMS test pulse enhanced significantly the firing rate of a single FDI motor unit at 25 ms (Fig. 2, dotted vertical arrow). The resulting peak in the PSTH increased with TMS intensity: 10.0% the number of stimuli Tolmetin when test TMS was 0.76 RMT (χ2 = 7.3, P < 0.01; Fig. 2A), 25.5% at 0.83 RMT (χ2 = 25.3,

P < 0.001; Fig. 2D) and 36.6% at 0.90 RMT (χ2 = 14.5, P < 0.001; Fig. 2G). The peak was limited to three bins (25–26 ms) at 0.90 RMT (Fig. 2G). In the 27 motor units investigated (Protocol 1), a significant linear relationship was found between TMS intensity and peak size (Fig. 3; Pearson’s correlation with repeated measures, P < 0.00001, R2 = 0.87). In Protocol 1, the mean threshold intensity for a significant peak in the PSTH was 0.75 ± 0.02 RMT (range 0.65–0.80 RMT). These values were used to determine the test intensities investigated in Protocol 2: 0.75 (peak threshold intensity), 0.85 (intermediary intensity) and 0.95 RMT (maximal intensity usable in a PSTH). Figure 4 illustrates the results on a single motor unit of Protocol 2. The test TMS increased significantly the motor unit firing rate at 27 ms (dotted vertical arrow), and the peak (27–28 ms) reached 10.7% the number of stimuli at 0.75 RMT (χ2 = 5.7, P < 0.