To determine whether the species from Bermuda fell within Cobimetinib in vitro the concept

delineated by Montagne (1861) for K. limminghei, we compared our specimens with the type collection in Montagne’s Herbarium in PC. The type specimen (as Callymenia limminghii Mont. 117, Guadeloupe) consists of a single reniform blade on a mica chip (Fig. 3). The blade is less than 1 cm wide, and arises obliquely from a short stipe. PC has no other authentic Montagne collections of this species (B. de Reviers, personal communication). The type and protologue offer definitive clues as to whether the Bermuda specimens can be linked to the Guadeloupe type. In his description and illustrations, Montagne (1861) reports that his new species has small, simple blades from short stipes, being circular to sub-reniform in shape with strictly entire margins (“margine integerrima”). Although the young, simple, undeveloped plants found in Bermuda range from circular to nearly reniform, similar to K. limminghei, even in the earliest stages of development the margins become highly crenate (Fig. 4D). As the small reniform Bermuda blades mature into adult forms, several crenations develop first as short crenate projections Doxorubicin (Fig. 4E) and then these elongate further into finger-like projections (Fig. 4, A and F), before ultimately

broadening into strap-shaped branches again with crenate margins. At maturity, plants have a distinctly branched and overlapping appearance (Fig. 4B, C; Taylor 1960,

pl. 80, fig. 2, as K. limminghei) unlike about anything described for K. limminghei in the protologue (Montagne 1861). Illustrations of recent western Caribbean plants attributed to the species show entire margins and thallus development remaining simple (Littler and Littler 2000, p. 81), but some are depicted as peltate blades with the ability to develop a secondary peltate blade from the first (Ballantine et al. 2011). The short, terete stalks on many of the Bermuda blades are central to submarginal and the blades develop in a prostrate manner along the vertical rock faces where they are found, hence covering the substratum with a dense growth of individuals with overlapping blades. At times, a secondary stalk forms from a margin (Fig. 4G) or blade, complicating the overall appearance of an individual. These characters (crenate margins, branched development, and peltate or submarginal holdfasts) all distinguish the Bermuda plants from the protologue description and illustrations of K. limminghei (Montagne 1861). Therefore, we are certain that the plants illustrated by Taylor (1960) as an example of this species cannot be considered the same as the Montagne type. The distinct plants described by Montagne (1861) from Guadeloupe and observed by Taylor (1960) from Bermuda were all reported without reproduction, thus Montagne’s systematic placement in Kallymenia was followed until the present.